Nietzsche understood philosophy as an activity wich arises from a profound passion for truth. This article examines such pathos and tries to show its inconsistencies thus terminating in a philosophy of appearances.

Forms of failure in later Beethoven.- In the later style of Beethoven can be seen certain modes of expression which could be understood as a criticism of absolute idealism. The way in which the sonata-form breaks up is what best illustrates the failure of hegemonic subjecti-vity.

La extraña presencia de la idea de destino en la filosofía moderna puede explicarse como el movimiento de una dialéctica peculiar: 1. Desfatalización; 2. Refatalización; 3. Neutralización indirecta del destino: el heroísmo trascendental. Estos tres pasos ilustran la dialéctica de una despedida que se creyó definitiva. El destino parece asistir complacido a su propio enterramiento. Pero la astucia de la libertad trata de derrotar al destino llevándolo a un campo de batalla más propicio: su aprovechamiento moral.

Si algo caracteriza a los valores es que no son algo que tengamos almacenado a nuestra disposición, por lo que, propiamente hablando, tampoco se pueden despilfarrar. En el acto de valorar, todo individuo o generación se encuentra ante una situación inédita ; el arsenal de argumentos de la tradición no le ahorrará el esfuerzo de enjuiciar y decidir. En éste artículo me propongo analizar las nuevas realidades de nuestra cultura tratando de encontrar en ella su propia constelación de valores, la (...) lógica que gobierna sus prioridades. Y el punto de partida para dicha incursión es que las dimisiones morales específicas de nuestro tiempo han de ser entendidas y juzgadas desde la estructura extremadamente compleja de un nuevo individualismo. (shrink)

This article is a sequel to a previous study which analysed the function that the idea of destiny plays in the genesis of German Idealism. This article focuses on the concept of destiny in Hölderlin, the idea of freedom incarnated in the dramas of Schiller and the hegelian concept of univer-sal history.

La queja contra el exceso es tan antigua como la misma cultura. pero el saber no se rige únicamente por una ley de acumulación cuantitativa ; saber significa también reducir. Una teoría hermenéutica del conocimiento escapa mejor a las aporias del exceso que una descripción positivista de la realidad. Desde esta economía de la significación cabe defender la interdisciplinariedad de los saberes como un ahorro y no como una suerte de complicación de las perspectivas sobre la realidad.

If we understand modernity as the construction of a distinction -i.e. sub-jectivity vs. objectivity- postmodernity can be considered the abolition of that distinction, after the experience of its apories. In this paper the interest points towards a non disjunctive direction, towards a kind of thought that may embrace both ambigüity and the relative indiscerni-bility of the opposites.

Modernity has made identity impossible because of its exigency of a per-fection that is not compatible with human finitude. This is the reason why since Romanticism it has been generalized the attempt of establishing scopes in which man is freed from this duty. There arises also many phenomena that can be understood as aesthetic instances that defend the in-dividual particularity and promote the cultural variety.

Using Leventhal’s (Social exchange: Advances in theory and research, Plenum Press, New York, 1980 ) rules of procedural justice as well as deontic justice (Folger in Research in social issues in management, Information Age, Greenwich, CT, 2001 ), we examine how personal value for diversity moderates the negative relationship between perceived discrimination against minorities (i.e., racial minorities and females) at work and the perceived procedural justice of minorities’ treatment by the organization. Through a field survey of 190 employees, we found (...) that observers high in personal value for diversity have stronger negative reactions to the mistreatment of women and racial minorities than observers low in personal value for diversity. These findings support and extend the deontic justice perspective because those who personally value diversity had the strongest negative reactions toward the discriminatory treatment of minorities. (shrink)

Como un espacio propio dentro de los Estudios de Género, la reflexión feminista en el siglo XXI presenta una doble faz: por un lado, una cara continuista, marcada por el tipo de trabajo académico de los ochenta y noventa, y otra que se presenta como una respuesta radical a las debilidades de esos feminismos, cuyo ámbito de intereses ha sido la construcción de la identidad femenina, desde un punto de vista metafísico, y la incorporación plena de las mujeres a la (...) esfera pública. Una mirada alrededor para descubrir otras realidades, o una mirada hacia adentro en busca de identidades nuevas son probablemente las propuestas más interesantes, al menos en la medida en que nos obliga a repensar los tópicos clásicos del feminismo, y a abrir nuevos caminos para el trabajo conceptual. (shrink)

Hotel websites display textual and non-textual strategies with the aim of turning online visitors into customers. This article focuses on two related textual aspects: how consumers are discursively construed and how conditional constructions are used in order to persuade and convince consumers of the adequacy of the hotel. The framework adopted for the analysis combines Stern’s notion of ‘implied consumer’ with a corpus-driven approach. The corpus data comprises 114 British hotel websites and totals half a million words. This is a (...) subcorpus of COMETVAL, a database compiled at the University of València. The results reveal the importance of a number of words that address consumers directly or indirectly. These words intertwine with others to form patterns that help establish a bond between hoteliers and their clients. Further exploration of the corpus confirmed that some conditional sequences such as if you and should you are used by advertisers to speculate about the needs and wishes of consumers that the hotel can fulfil for them. The analysis suggests that conditional structures are a distinctive discursive characteristic strongly associated with the dialogic nature of the discourse hotel websites. (shrink)

ResumenLa autora introduce al lector en la sociofenomenología de la vida cotidiana de A. Schütz desde una lectura hermenéutica de “El Quijote”. Se detiene en el análisis schütziano de las estructuras de relevancias presentes en el universo quijotesco, ilustrando con citas de la obra de Cervantes y comentarios de las mismas las diversas construcciones sociales de los mundos de la vida habitados por los diferentes personajes, principalmente por Don Quijote y Sancho. Las articulaciones de estas realidades múltiples van aclarando el (...) sentido del subuniverso quijotesco y el lugar del mismo en el seno del mundo de la vida compartido. Esas articulaciones se traducen en diferentes relaciones intersubjetivas que van reconfigurando el mundo social de don Quijote. A modo de conclusión, la autora reinterpreta la “locura” quijotesca de acuerdo con la estructura de relevancias.Palabras clavesociofenomenología, Schütz, mundo de la vida, D. QuijoteAutor initiates reader into A. Schütz´s Sociophenomenology of the daily life by means of the phenomenological hermeneutics of “The Quixot”. She focusses on the schützian analysis of the structures of relevances in the quixotic universe. The different social constructions of the lifeworlds are illustrated through Cervantes book´s quotations and comments, mainly by the D. Quixot and Sancho inhabited worlds. The articulations of these multiple realities go clarifying the sense of the quixotic subuniverse and its place in the common lifeworld´s bossom. Such articulations are translated into different intersubjetive relationships which reshape the Quixot´s social world. As a conclusion, author reinterpretes the quixotic “madness” in line with the structure of the relevances.KeywordsSociophenomenology, Schütz, Lifeworld, D. Quixot. (shrink)

Este trabajo analiza cómo Merleau-Ponty emplea la fenomenología y el marxismo para comprender la evolución de su situación histórica. La autora distingue una primera fase, marcada por la experiencia vivida de la guerra y la esperanza marxista, de otra que comienza en 1950, se desencanta del comunismo y aboga por una izquierda no comunista o un nuevo liberalismo. Afirma que el filósofo no experimenta una conversión, ya que continúa criticando el sistema soviético, tanto como las insuficiencias de la democracia occidental. (...) Aunque defiende las libertades de Occidente, no se adhiere al anti-comunismo, sino que continúa denunciando a ambos bloques. La autora vincula esta segunda etapa con el curso sobre la “institución” impartido por Merleau-Ponty. Evalúa, finalmente, las consecuencias políticas de su nueva ontología y su validez para el presente. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es exponer y desarrollar la posición de Lester Embree sobre los colegas como objetos culturales. Para ello, contextualizaremos su tesis en su concepción de la fenomenología y la cultura como opuestas al naturalismo. Nos preguntaremos si es necesario también oponerse al culturalismo. Analizaremos, en relación con él, el sentido de la cultura básica y su dependencia de la naturaleza, entendida principalmente como physis y movimiento. Ejemplificaremos esto con una fenomenología de la danza y su concepción (...) del cuerpo que, a su vez, es un ejemplo de la necesidad de interdisciplinaridad.The aim of this article is to expound and to develop Lester Embree’s stance on colleagues as cultural objects. To this end, we contextualize his position within his conception of Phenomenology and Culture as opposed to naturalism. We will wonder whether it is also necessary to oppose to culturalism. Regarding that, we will analyze the meaning of the basic culture and its relationship with nature. We will exemplify this with a phenomenology of dance and its conception of the body, which in turn is an example of the need for interdisciplinarity. (shrink)

La fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty disuelve el problema del otro y se concentra en describir la coexistencia fáctica que deriva de la intersubjetividad. Ésta es primeramente, intercorporeidad en el mundo, institución de sentido y comunicación. La influencia de Ideen II de Husserl es crucial para el desarrollo de estos conceptos. En este artículo, estudiamos la ampliación de los mismos en la ontología merleau-pontiana de la carne y su reversibilidad. El esclarecimiento del verdadero sentido de ésta nos permitirá contestar a algunas de (...) sus críticas. (shrink)

La autora compara uno de los libros de divulgación filosófica de más éxito, El mundo de Sofía, con la tradicional «literatura para damas» desarrollada como género en la Ilustración. El libro mantiene la dualidad masculino-femenino, a la vez que la de adulto- niño y la tradicional filosófica, apariencia-realidad.

After the end of their time as a caregiver, former caregivers have needs and feelings that have been subject to little study to date. The aim of the study is to determine and analyse the feelings, perceptions and practices of former caregivers in the reconstruction of their daily lives. This is a qualitative study based on the Grounded Theory developed by Charmaz. The study involved 14 former caregivers who had cared for their relative for more than 2 years and who (...) had stopped caring for them more than 2 years previously. Fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted and data were collected over 13 months between 2015 and 2017. Data were analysed using the Grounded Theory Method. In addition, this study was approved by the ethics committee of the Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol. The former caregiver experiences a transition, which begins in the days before the death of their relative and may continue for more than 3 years. Three critical moments in the post-caring transition were found: the post-caring emptiness; the end of the period as a caregiver; and the movement towards a new life. Family and professional support is needed during this transition. Former caregivers experience a transition in the rebuilding of their daily lives; furthermore, former caregivers may be a source of support for other caregivers, which is linked to positive mental health factors. Healthcare organisations need to acknowledge the emotional, psychosocial and psychological health of former caregivers. (shrink)

Grau and Pury (Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 5, 155–168, 2014) reported that people’s views about love are related to their views about reference. This surprising effect was however not replicated in Cova et al.’s (in press) replication study. In this article, we show that the replication failure is probably due to the replication’s low power and that a metaanalytic reanalysis of the result in Cova et al. suggests that the effect reported in Grau and Pury is real. (...) We then report a large, highly powered replication that successfully replicates Grau and Pury 2014. This successful replication is a case study in the challenges involved in replicating scientific work, and our article contributes to the discussion of these challenges. (shrink)

Those who claim, whether with fear or with hope, that algorithmic governance can control politics or the whole political process or that artificial intelligence is capable of taking charge of or wrecking democracy, recognize that this is not yet possible with our current technological capabilities but that it could come about in the future if we had better quality data or more powerful computational tools. Those who fear or desire this algorithmic suppression of democracy assume that something similar will be (...) possible someday and that it is only a question of technological progress. If that were the case, no limits would be insurmountable on principle. I want to challenge that conception with a limit that is less normative than epistemological; there are things that artificial intelligence cannot do, because it is unable to do them, not because it should not do them, and this is particularly apparent in politics, which is a peculiar decision-making realm. Machines and people take decisions in a very different fashion. Human beings are particularly gifted at one type of situation and very clumsy in others. The part of politics that is, strictly speaking, political is where this contrast and our greatest aptitude are most apparent. If that is the case, as I believe, then the possibility that democracy will one day be taken over by artificial intelligence is, as a fear or as a desire, manifestly exaggerated. The corresponding counterpart to this is: if the fear that democracy could disappear at the hands of artificial intelligence is not realistic, then we should not expect exorbitant benefits from it either. For epistemic reasons that I will explain, it does not seem likely that artificial intelligence is capable of taking over political logic. (shrink)